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Ultrastructural Probes of Active DNA Sites,
and the RNA Activators of DNA.
  • John H. Frenster
  • Division of Medical Oncology,
  • Stanford University, and
  • The Euchromatin Network
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The Discovery of the Mitogenic Activity of PHA.
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Normal Human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes.
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3H-PHA Cultures of Normal Human Peripheral Blood.
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Ultrastructural DNase I-Sensitive Probes
within a Human Acute Leukemia Myelocyte.
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Specificity of DNase I and Acridine Orange for Reaction.
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Probe Counts of Active DNA within Mitotic Cells.
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Probe Counts within Dividing Human Bone Marrow Cells.
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Probe Counts of Active DNA within Normal Human Marrow
Differentiating Granulocytes.
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Probe counts within normal human differentiating marrow cells.
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Probe Counts of Active DNA within Normal Human Marrow
Differentiating Erythrocytes.
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Probe counts within normal human differentiating marrow cells.
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Probe Counts of Active DNA within Normal Human Marrow Differentiating Monocytes.
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Probe Counts of Active DNA within Normal Human Marrow Undifferentiated Cells.
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Probe counts within human normal marrow mononuclear cells.
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Probe Counts of Active DNA within Normal Human Bone Marrow Differentiated Cells.
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Probe Counts of Active DNA within Hodgkin Lymphoma Lymph Node Lymphocytes.
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Probe Counts within Lymphocytes in Hodgkin Lymphoma.
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Probe Counts of Active DNA within Neoplastic Cells in
Hodgkin Lymphoma Lymph Nodes.
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In Vivo Activity of Lymph Node Cells in Hodgkin Lymphoma
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Probe Counts of Active DNA within Neoplastic Cells in
Hodgkin Lymphoma Lymph Nodes.
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In Vivo Activity of Neoplastic Cells in Hodgkin Lymphoma.
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Interaction of Neoplastic Cells with Surrounding Lymphocytes in Hodgkin Lymphoma Lymph Nodes.
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Interaction of Neoplastic Cells with Surrounding Lymphocytes in Hodgkin Lymphoma Lymph Nodes.
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In Vivo Effect of Apposition on Lymphocytes in Hodgkin Lymphoma.
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In Vivo Activity of Apposed Lymphocytes in Hodgkin Lymphoma.
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Cellular Immuno-Phenotypes  in Hodgkin Lymphoma.
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Candidate Chemokine Molecular Species for Intercellular Signaling in Hodgkin Lymphoma.
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Candidate Genome Sequences for Intercellular Signaling in
Hodgkin Lymphoma.
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Isolated Nuclei from Calf Thymus Lymphocytes.
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Ultrastructure of Euchromatin in Calf Thymus Lymphocytes.
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Analysis of Isolated Euchromatin and Heterochromatin.
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Thermal Hyperchromicity of DNA while within Repressed Heterochromatin and Active Euchromatin.
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RNA Synthesis within Isolated Euchromatin and Heterochromatin.
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Sensitivity of RNA Synthesis within Isolated
Active Euchromatin and Repressed Heterochromatin.
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Activation of Isolated Repressed Heterochromatin.
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De-repression and Re-programming of Isolated Chromatin.
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Comparison of RNA Species as Activators of Transcription.
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Chromatin Re-modeling by Nuclear Polyanions.
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Conclusions:
  • 1. DNase I-sensitive probes allow identification of active DNA sites within intact cells.


  • 2. Such sites vary characteristically during cell activation, cell division, and cell differentiation.


  • 3. During lymphocyte activation within Hodgkin lymphoma lymph nodes, active DNA sites undergo unipolar clustering toward neoplastic cells.


  • 4. Such unipolar clustering may reflect signals from the neoplastic cells to the surrounding lymphocytes.
  • 5. DNase I-sensitive probes permit the analysis of euchromatin activation
  •          by RNA within human intact cells. ( www.euchromatin.net ).
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The Continuing Challenge:
Human Acute Myelocytic Leukemia.
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Frenster Euchromatin Lab
  • Cell Culture:                            Cell Morphometry:
  •    Lorraine Meisner                     Michael Papalian
  •    Albert Keshgegian                   Jeff Frenster
  •    Sharon Landrum                  Stanford Medical Students:
  •    Elsie Siegel                             David Stanley
  • Electron Microscopy:                  Brent Archibald
  •    Marilyn Masek                         Paul Herstein
  •    Shirley Nakatsu                       Leonard Wilson
  •    Marie Shatos                           Bruce Allen
  •    Cheryl Hayden                         Daniel Rhoades
  •    Reed Rowan                        Secretarial:
  •    John Thompson                       Janice Smith