P. Percipalle 1, N. Fomproix 1, K. Kylberg 1, F. Miralles 2, B. Bjorkroth 1, B. Daneholt 1, and N. Visa 2,
1 Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden and 2 Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
E-mail: Neus.Visa@molbio.su.se
Actin is present not only in the cytoplasm but also in the cell nucleus,
where it has been implicated in transcription of protein-coding genes and
nuclear export. We have previously shown that actin is a bona fide
component of the Balbiani ring pre-messenger ribonucleoprotein particles
(BR pre-mRNPs) in the salivary gland cells of the dipteran Chironomus
tentans, and we have shown that actin binds directly to the hnRNP protein
hrp36. We recently discovered another nuclear actin-binding protein, hrp65-2.
Hrp65-2 belongs to a family of evolutionarily conserved proteins with multiple
roles in gene expression. We have mapped the actin-binding domain of hrp65-2
to the C-terminal sequence of the protein, and we have shown that a synthetic
peptide corresponding to the C-terminus of hrp65-2 binds directly to actin
in
vitro, disrupts the actin-hrp65-2 interaction both in vivo and
in
vitro, and causes a global transcription inhibition in living
cells. Our results raise the possibility that an actin-based mechanism
is implicated in the transcription of most, if not all, RNA polymerase
II genes, and they suggest that an actin-hrp65-2 interaction is required
to maintain the normal transcriptional activity of the cell. Furthermore,
both actin and hrp65-2 are associated with the nascent BR pre-RNA
along the transcribed BR gene, which is consistent with the idea that an
actin-hrp65-2 complex plays a role during transcription elongation.
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